Vocal cord paralysis is a condition resulting from the loss of control over the movement of one or both vocal cords, leading to issues with voice, breathing, and swallowing.

 

This condition occurs when the vocal cords fail to open and close properly, narrowing the airway and causing difficulties in speaking, breathing, and swallowing.

 

In this article, ENT specialists at Magrabi Health explain how laser technology is used to treat vocal cord paralysis and discuss its underlying causes.

 

Causes of vocal cord paralysis

 

Vocal cord paralysis stems from various factors that negatively affect the nerves controlling vocal cord movement. The most common causes include:

 

1. Injuries

• Damage to certain nerves, such as the recurrent laryngeal nerve (responsible for vocal cord movement) or the vagus nerve, can result in vocal cord paralysis.

 

2. Surgical procedures

• Surgeries involving the thyroid gland or neck can damage nerves surrounding the vocal cords, leading to paralysis. Additionally, prolonged tracheal intubation (placement of a breathing tube in the trachea) may contribute to the condition.

 

3. Medical conditions

• Diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and certain viral infections may weaken the nerves responsible for vocal cord movement.

 

In some cases, the cause of vocal cord paralysis remains unknown.

 

Symptoms of vocal cord paralysis

 

Patients with vocal cord paralysis may experience a range of symptoms, including:

 

• Hoarseness due to the inability of the vocal cords to close completely, allowing air to escape during speech.
• Breathing difficulties.
• Strained or weak voice.
• Painful or difficult swallowing, with the possibility of food or liquids entering the trachea.
• Wheezing.

 

Laser treatment for vocal cord paralysis

 

ENT surgeons at Magrabi Health employ laser technology to treat vocal cord paralysis, offering a safe and effective option for addressing the condition and alleviating its symptoms.

 

The procedure typically lasts 30 to 60 minutes and involves the following steps:

 

• General anesthesia is administered to the patient.
• A laryngoscope equipped with a camera is inserted through the mouth to provide a clear view of the vocal cords.
• The surgeon uses a laser beam to create a small incision in one or both vocal cords, widening the airway.

 

Benefits of laser treatment

 

Laser treatment for vocal cord paralysis offers several advantages, including:

 

• Improved breathing quality without the need for a neck incision.
• Preservation of voice quality.
• Reduced risks associated with traditional surgical methods.

 

Recovery after laser treatment

 

Complete recovery typically takes around three months. In some cases, patients may require additional corrective procedures for optimal results. Magrabi Health ENT specialists recommend the following post-operative care tips to ensure smooth recovery:

 

• Rest the vocal cords by avoiding loud talking, yelling, or singing.
• Steam inhalation to soothe the throat.
• Take prescribed medications, such as steroids to reduce swelling and antibiotics to prevent infection.

 

Potential risks

 

While laser treatment is highly safe, some potential risks and complications may include:

 

• Bleeding during or after the procedure.
• Swelling of the vocal cords, possibly causing temporary breathing difficulties.
• Scar formation around the vocal cords, potentially affecting voice quality.
• Damage to tissues surrounding the vocal cords during the procedure.

 

When to contact a doctor after surgery

 

Magrabi Health experts recommend seeking medical attention promptly if the following symptoms are observed post-surgery:

 

• Severe difficulty in breathing or swallowing.
• Persistent bleeding.
• Swelling in the laryngeal area.
• Wounds or injuries around the lips or teeth.

 

Laser technology offers a safe and advanced solution for treating vocal cord paralysis through minimally invasive techniques.

 

Book an appointment at the nearest Magrabi Health branch to receive the best healthcare services for diagnosing and managing ENT disorders in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East.